Last updated: October 2026 Β· 3 min read
Before a film is shown in Indian cinemas, it must be certified by the Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC), often called the censor board. The certificate tells you which age group the film suits.
What is the CBFC?
The CBFC is a statutory body under the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, working under the Cinematograph Act, 1952. It has its headquarters in Mumbai and regional offices in cities such as Chennai, Kolkata, Hyderabad and Bengaluru.
The certificate categories
| Certificate | Meaning |
|---|---|
| U | Unrestricted public exhibition: suitable for all ages |
| UA 7+ | Suitable for all, with parental guidance for children under 7 |
| UA 13+ | Parental guidance for children under 13 |
| UA 16+ | Parental guidance for children under 16 |
| A | Restricted to adults (18 and above) |
| S | Restricted to specialised audiences such as doctors or scientists |
What changed in 2023-24
The Cinematograph (Amendment) Act, 2023 split the old UA category into age-based UA 7+, UA 13+ and UA 16+, made certificates valid permanently instead of for 10 years, and introduced tougher penalties for film piracy. The new categories came into use in 2024.
How certification works
- Producer applies online with the film and documents.
- An examining committee watches the film.
- It may grant a certificate, suggest cuts or modifications, or refuse.
- The producer can ask for a revising committee.
- Further appeals go to the High Court (the Film Certification Appellate Tribunal was abolished in 2021).
What about OTT platforms?
Streaming services like Netflix and Prime Video do not need CBFC certificates. Under the IT Rules, 2021, they self-classify content as U, U/A 7+, U/A 13+, U/A 16+ and A, and must offer parental locks for mature content.
Frequently asked questions
Can children watch an A-rated film with parents?
No. An A certificate restricts the film to adults in cinemas regardless of parental permission.
Who appoints the CBFC chairperson?
The central government appoints the chairperson and board members.
Does the CBFC certify TV shows?
No. Television content follows broadcasting codes; the CBFC certifies films for public exhibition.
Keep exploring
- How a film is made
- The story of Indian cinema
- OTT platforms in India
- More Cinema articles on Tiwaripedia
Facts are based on widely accepted official, scientific and historical sources at the time of writing. Spotted something that needs updating? Let us know.
